Discussion of gas thrust, convective thrust and eruption columns. Column height and eruption rate. Convection in the atmosphere, latent heat. Stages of evolution of eruption plumes to volcanic clouds.

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

• William I Rose (2011), "Eruption columns," https://theghub.org/resources/472.

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1. Ashfall Graduate Class
2. eruption columns
3. explosive volcanic eruptions